Red Lobster Case Study Essay

In the first years, Red Lobster’s positioning is â€Å"affordable† â€Å"fresh† seafood. This positioning last from its start till about 2004. In 2004 after Kim Lopdrup took over as president, he was shocked that consumers put Red Lobster as â€Å"low end† places that serving mass-produced, frozen seafood. So he launched a three phased plan to reposition Red Lobster. Phase 1 involved basic operational improvement. Phase 2 is repositioning around â€Å"freshness†. Customers had vague understanding of freshness and they thought Red Lobster’s product not fresh mostly because too much fried items on the menu. This phase played the most important role in Lopdrup’s plan (initiated in 2004), and de-emphasizing all fried items and introducing wood-fire grilling are most effective elements. In these ways, Consumer Needs were satisfied and Company Skills were improved. Phase 3 is re-modeling the restaurants, the target of which is becoming nicer than ordinary casual dining but still approachable. This phase started in 2008, and was supposed to redone all restaurants by 2014. As a results, customer perceptions that Red Lobster â€Å"has food that is fresh† had increased significantly according to surveys in 2008. By 2010, internal research found that guest satisfaction was up 14% to 78% excellent†. Everything seemed good at that point. There are something worth notice: the new 2008 ads (as current ads in question 2) followed the same model of 2004 ones, but focus shift from â€Å"wood fire grilling† and †fresh fish† to â€Å"new grilling method† and â€Å"freshness†. That means they were introducing new category of cooking method and food that not constrained as â€Å"seafood†, a shift in product. It’s extension of introducing wood fire grilling to reposition. In 2008, Copernicus Company conduct a study to uncover some psychographic segments, and summarized Red Lobster’s customers into 5 categories: Experientials, Indulgents, Traditionalists, Eclectics and Frugals. Lopdrup was facing a balance between building stronger connection with Experientials and losing part of Indulgent and Frugals. According to form above, the revenues gained from new Experientials are as twice as the combination of loss from Indulgents and Frugals. Besides that, Experientials consume much more alcohol, which is more profitable than food. Former calculation showed an optimistic result to us, so Lopdrup should make Experientials the target segment. He also should modify Red Lobster’s positioning accordingly, but do it gradually lest go chapter 11 in the process as K-Mart. The scale of modifying can be described by the answer of  questions at the end of the case: (questions omitted here) Segmentation: According to the former paragraph, experientials should represent the new Red Lobster target customer. Positioning: Red Lobster need to change positioning but not too much. The rise of aquaculture had led to dramatic declines in the cost of seafood, so â€Å"approachable seafood† is not as appealing as before. Red Lobster need to find a new positioning, while keeping â€Å"fresh† (according to Exhibit 6A, freshness is the most important factor when customers select seafood). Exhibit 6A also showed that customers think cleanliness, quality and taste/preparation are very important, so â€Å"tasty fresh seafood† and â€Å"best fresh seafood† are all good options. Promotion: Current ads fit the positioning the marketing team wanted, as the focus was â€Å"freshness†. Traditional price promotions should be scaled back, shown in Exhibit 6A price is one of the least concerned factor. Price: Simply raising prices is not a good idea for Red Lobster. Although Experientials are important, Indulgents and Frugals are large in customer percentage. Using price discrimination can be a good strategy: keep some cheap items in the menu, while introducing more expensive items (including desserts, appetizers and wine). In this way, most patrons can be kept while revenue would raise. Product: Adding better wine selection is a good idea, since experientials could be attracted in this way while other customers have other options. Broadening the menu further beyond seafood to steal share from other premium casual chains is also feasible, the success of â€Å"wood fire grilling† verifies that. Similarly, emphasizing on wine in menu, making some location vary its ambience by time of day are all good idea for the same reason as illustrated before. Place: To target experientials, re-modeling is necessary. From Exhibit 13, we can know that re-modeling won great appreciation. Most customers would enjoy better atmosphere. Moreover, re-modeling were operated after hours, so  business won’t be disturbed. The most important reason is experientials are motivated by Culinary Expertise, sophisticated, upscale atmosphere (shown in Table A, p8 of case). To conclude, all the strategies are to attract experientials without losing other customers.

The Assualt – Views About Past and Present

In his novel The Assault, Harry Mulisch illustrates a clear example at how human memory can aid us in pursuing a better future ahead of us. As Anton watched the motor boats on the first page of the novel he was amazed at how fast the motor boats moved and the wake they left behind. Each time he saw them zoom by he would try to follow their wake however its pattern became so distorted he could not follow it. Along side the motor boats were the gondolas where they were propelled by the captain pushing a stick back thus moving his boat forward. He then takes this approach on life and lives while constantly bringing up his past. Every time he attempted to look at what the future held in store for him he was sent back towards looking at the past. By looking back and searching for his past he was able to progress into the future without feeling the unbearable light of the future. Mulisch uses an extensive amount of light and dark metaphors, and structure in order to show us that if we desire to progress through a less painful life we should reflect upon our past before we look too far ahead into the future. Mulisch structured his novel in such a way that the reader can unmistakably understand the past form the present. In the very beginning of the book Anton and his family are going about their lives however there is not a single trace of light. Mulisch makes this point very clear for everyone is turning out there lights in case of a bombing run. In addition he writes that all was dark as the murder was committed and peter took the carbon lamp. These had all happened in the past and therefore Mulisch is stating the past is dark. As the reader reaches the end of the book and the final scene is of Anton walking away in the middle of the day, when the sun is the highest, we conclude that the present is light. This juxtaposition is further backed by the chapter structure Mulisch chose to use. Although many if not all books, rise in chapter number such as this one, Mulisch chose to use years and dates for chapters to very clearly indicating the movement from past to present. This structure and juxtaposition as well as the metaphor of light and dark as representing future and past allows the reader to follow Anton’s progression through out. As one scans the novel a noticeable pattern forms in that as the episodes (chapters) progress, so does Anton’s knowledge of his past. This is done through Mulisch structuring the novel so that Anton meets a new person and gains a new piece of his past as time goes on. His past first comes back to him when he travels back to Haarlem after living with his Aunt and Uncle in Amsterdam since the murder of Fake Ploeg was committed. Here he is greeted with multiple objects that remind him of his past and one of which is the herring bone pattern on the quay. Mulisch writes, â€Å"With sudden excitement he recognized the herringbone pattern of the brick pavement. He had never noticed it in the old days, but now he saw it realized it had always been there. (Mulisch page 62) The herringbone patter represents how much distortion Anton’s memory has about the night the murder was committed. It is this confusion that Anton is excited by and he then strives to find answers through out his life both consciously and unconsciously. In addition to the herringbone pattern on page 62 he also meets Mrs. Beumer and Mr. Beumer. Ant on does not like the presence of them when he first meets them but it is because of their connection to his past that leads him to another connection; The monument on the quay. From hear Anton feels like he has an unbearably empty hole inside of him. When something is empty, in an existentialistic view such as Mulisch, it must be filled and for Anton that something is knowledge of his past. The Episode concludes with Anton thinking of himself floating at the center of the earth. There he would â€Å"be able to reflect upon the state of things in eternity. † (Mulisch page 76) Mulisch Has Anton percolating this idea in order to show the reader that Anton is clearly going to reflect upon his past. Shortly after Anton’s acquaintance with Haarlem and the Beumers he walks into Fake Ploeg Jr. n Anton’s flat. Here they are both greeted with past and they have quite the talk about it. While this is going on Anton is attempting to light a stove filled with dark oil. As the conversation between Anton and Ploeg Jr. escalates the dark oil has yet to light up. At the most enraged part of the conversation Fake decided to throw a stone and after this, a cloud of dark soot from the stove and covered Anton’s flat. Ploeg Jr. was a connection to Anton’s past and the dark soot covering Anton’s flat is representative of a piece of his past he just acquired through Ploeg Jr. This was not an easy feat for Anton was trying to speed up the process while talking to Ploeg Jr. as represented by having to much oil on the stove and trying to light it. This is all occurring while Anton has a headache which plunge him into darkness because of the pain. This then indicates that the past does in fact aid Anton in the way that he lives less painfully. This motif of dimming light (future and pain) with darkness (past and relief) comes up another time while lying on the beach on page 126. Mulisch uses the metaphor of a book for the intended purpose of illustrating the light and dark motifs as Anton was blinded by the whiteness of the pages reflecting the sun onto him. Later in the same scene Anton falls asleep in the light of the beach and awakens to another of his splitting migraines. A few lines down however Mulisch writes that â€Å"in the soothing shade, it had almost disappeared. † Giving way to the motif mentioned earlier. Among the actions that take place in the beginning of the novel, Anton meets a woman whom he meets in a jail cell. It is only when Anton is taken out of the cell and sees blood that his curiosity raises even more. This along with the assault itself fades away into Anton’s memory like the wake of the motor boats. As he grows older he begins to think about this woman even more. This is particularly set on by a man named Cor Takes who talks to him about his girlfriend. With this new found information Anton keeps attempting to put a face on the woman in the cell for he thinks it is the woman Takes was talking about (Truus Coster). Anton keeps looking forward to who the woman in the cell was and during this time period, episode three to the final episode, he has constant migraines which plunge him into darkness in order to stop the pain. Mulisch structured this episode as this to show the reader that looking towards the future is dangerous and we should rely on our past before we make assumptions. Mulisch then has Anton stop thinking about Truus for he concurs that she must look like Saskia. Anton accepts this conclusion and his migraines start diminishing. This further extends the conceit of dark and light as ways of representing past and future, good nd bad. At the end of the final episode Anton has now spent 36 years searching for his past and finally he comes to a conclusion when he meets his old neighbor Karin Korteweg. Anton finally hears the whole story about his past and he is unusually at ease with this information. Mulisch used this to state that Anton had finally been vindicated of his past. The book ends in mid day, commonly known as when the sun is at its brightest point. Mulisch uses this structure and juxtaposition of the begging of the book to extend the light and darkness motifs in the novel. Although we can walk through our lives looking towards the future it is much harder than if we walk facing the past. When we look to the future we feel as if our past is always weighing us down such as the panoptic-con of the Nazis during WWII. When we do feel its weight we tend to have a harder time progressing through what each one of us consider our meaningful life. We should always reflect upon our past no matter how much we want to ignore it because by doing so we make better sense of our future and are ultimately brought into the light with no pain. After all â€Å"Everything comes to light. † (Mulisch page 128)

Reading Lolita in Tehran: Themes †Women in Iran Essay

Reading Lolita in Tehran by Azar Nafisi is very symbolic of the women in Iran, as the ideas of resisting to accept the government, finding a sense of belonging and wanting to live in a fantasy world illustrates their thoughts during a very rough period of time. Nafisi, who represents the women of Iran, displays this via her progression throughout the novel, as it summarizes the struggles that women went through to endure a happy life in Iran. A theme that is repeatedly presented to us in this book is resistance. To be more specific, resistance by women against the new government that has been inaugurated. The new government taking over, making Iran an Islamic Republic results in the installment of numerous rules and regulations that oppress the female population. Nafisi’s thoughts are displayed when one her students says, â€Å"She resented the fact that her veil, which to her was a symbol of a sacred relationship to god had now become an instrument of power, turning the women who wore them into political signs and symbols† (Nafisi 103). The downgrading of women by the new regime makes Nafisi question her loyalty to her religion and results in her resisting by not wearing her veil. Not only this, but the regime preventing literature to be taught in Iran, especially work from the Western world causes Nafisi and her students to rebel by meeting in secrecy, despite the severe consequences that they would face if they got caught. When referring to meeting in secrecy, Nafisi says, â€Å"That room, for all of us, became a place of transgression† (Nafisi 8). For Nafisi and her female students, the room that they meet in had become an oasis for them as they are able to zone out from what was going on outside and spend quality time working on the one thing that they all enjoyed†¦ literature. Iran in the 1970s and 80s consisted of a population of women that were very well-educated. When facing oppression, these women did not shy down from protesting and taking part in demonstrations to get their point through. They had all built up this sense of courage and started using the motto, â€Å"it takes courage to die for a cause but also to live for one† (Nafisi 249). This statement made by Nafisi shows their confidence, as it propelled them forward to put up a fight to regain the rights that were lost. As the government tried to demolish their spirits, these women rose up and opposed by displaying their rebelliousness. Resisting to accept the new government is one of many themes that represents the thoughts and actions of women in Iran. Acceptance is another theme in the novel that can be tied to the symbolism of women during the revolution and war. To begin with, many women had trouble accepting the new Islamic based regime that had taken over. This can be seen by the actions of Nafisi, as she says, â€Å"We are not with the regime in our hearts and minds† (Nafisi 313). Even after saying this, Nafisi is compelled by the idea of not being able to teach and pass on her knowledge about literature. Women like Nafisi realized how helping the youth prosper would lead to a successful country in the future, and did not want to miss out on the opportunity to help, despite their feelings about the new rules. Not only this, but Nafisi is unable to understand how people around her are able to accept the new rules and regulations of the government so easily, as she struggles to cope with the fact that women were being demoralized. Nafisi, along with numerous women in Iran began to feel like outcasts within their own country and battled within themselves to identify the image that they wanted to portray. This can be seen when Nafisi questions herself, â€Å"When I walked down the streets, I asked myself, are these my people, is this my hometown, am I who I am† (Nafisi 74)? Finding a sense of acceptance regarding the revolution and war was their biggest goal but for many, not being able to speak their mind was unimaginable. After struggling to accept the new government, many Iranians decided to make the move to the western world. Nafisi decided that this was the best way to escape her problem of not being able to fit in. Soon after, Nafisi realized that leaving may not have been the best option for her. She says, â€Å"You get a strange feeling when you’re about to leave a place, because you’ll never be this way again† (Nafisi 336). Once again, she starts questioning herself and comes to the conclusion that Iran will always be where she hails from, regardless of the circumstances. Wanting to be accepted was something that women seeked in Iran, but as they fought with the idea of giving in to the regime, many of them were unable to find a way of fitting in and left Tehran for a better opportunity. The setting in Tehran had become unbearable for women, as the oppression had taken a huge toll on many of them. A way of getting away from this was by comparing the real world to a fantasy world that they could only dream of living in. One comparison that is made, is to an author by the name of F. Scott Fitzgerald. Nafisi and her book club see how their dreams for a better Iran are similar to the ideas that Fitzgerald incorporated in his book. Whilst discussing the book, a students says, â€Å"What we had in common with Fitzgerald was this dream† (Nafisi 144). Not only this, but Nafisi compares her life to Gatsby and sees this fantasy world that he lives in as being the place that they ultimately want to end up in. For the female population of Iran, these dreams had to be fulfilled, as the ideas of freedom and peace in the rest of the world were constantly being displayed. As the novel progresses, Nafisi interprets that dreaming is extremely valuable as she sees opportunity and hope in picturing a better outcome to the troubled times in Iran as seen in this quote, â€Å"It teaches you to value your dreams but to be wary of them too, to look for integrity in unusual places† (Nafisi 135). It is her dreams that strive her forward and keep her fighting for the freedom that she deserves. This novel by Azar Nafisi displays the life of Iranian women as they fought to win back the rights that were wrongfully taken away from them. The females rebelled with great integrity instead of accepting the regime and tried to place themselves in a fantasy world to make things better, but for many, the oppression was too much to handle causing them to flee the country for the sake of giving themselves an opportunity to live a happy life.

No topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 14

No topic - Essay Example They are all similarly Caucasian in appearance, but they have different cultural traditions, and it is this social difference that is called ethnicity. These ethnic differences have been a part of American history from the beginning, because people from many different countries came over as immigrants and formed communities which carried on these original traditions. The bigger American culture is made up of elements from all those other cultures. The English view of race was very positive about white people, seeing them as conquering heroes, who had taken over lands as rulers, just as English companies took over India and other colonies. They saw other races as inferior, however, and this was very extreme in the case of Africa. African people were viewed as savages and they were exploited because the British had superior weapons. This treatment shows that the British thought of Africans as something less than human and this kind of attitude was brought over to America in the early days, and transferred also to the view that white Americans had of other groups, including all the native tribes and nations who were on the land before the Europeans arrived. The system of slavery began with the establishment of various kinds of colonies in the American territories. There were not enough white people to tend the fields and so a system of plantations was created, bringing African Americans as slaves to work in them. These people were brought by force. There were also many poor white people who voluntarily became slaves for a fixed period of time, because this gave them a chance to make a new life in America when they had failed to prosper in their home country. White people saw themselves as superior, and this is a social cause of slavery. Slaves were not allowed to decide about family matters like getting married, and having children, and they could not own property, or invest in their own education, making this a

Art Appreciation- Principles of Design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Art Appreciation- Principles of Design - Essay Example Constable continued to study and copy the work of his predecessors for as long as he lived, constantly measuring their interpretations of the natural world against his own experience of it. His main interest was scenes from nature, despite earning money painting portraits for the rich. Although largely ignored by the English art community in his lifetime, Wilson (n.d.) reports â€Å" The Hay Wain and View on the Stour near Dedham went to the Parisian dealer Arrowsmith in 1824 and created a lively, if short-lived, interest in France.† Since his death the true value of Constable’s has been recognized by all of the art community. ‘Stoke-by-Nayland’ is a dark figure emerging on a path from a shady forest on the right, with the village of Stoke-by-Nayland located on the right. A partially cloudy sky covers the right sky above the village with the left side having a smaller visible sky in proportion with the whole painting. The scale and proportion used allows Constable to make the forest seem in the forefront and the village farther away. The directional forces pull the eyes toward the figure and forest first. Even the brushstrokes seem to be coming from the right. The emphasis is on the mysterious forest. The subordination is the village in the background. The contrast between the colors is obvious with the white clouds and dark greens of the forest. The two most important principles are scale and proportion and contrasts. These two principles define ‘Stoke-by-Nayland’. Constable uses scale and proportion to create a forefront nature scene with a figure emerging and a background village. Constable often used the technique common at the time of sketching actual nature scenes before going back to the studio to paint (Wilson n.d.). This would entail making the sketch using scale and proportion, and then transferring the scale and proportion onto a larger canvas. However Constable accomplished this, he did an

How does the UK degree compared to the French degree Essay

How does the UK degree compared to the French degree - Essay Example Moreover, investing in degrees in some countries is a risky investment. In countries such as Italy and France, degree certificates are often tarnished. With such eventualities, students in such countries would rather not invest in education. In France, the entry level for students in first year degree programs is 48%. Of this number, 38% proceed to complete the programs (Arias Ortiz & Dehon, 2013). Therefore, in order for students to remain relevant in the European and the global market various strategies are employed. Students improve the strength of their degree credential by joining masters as well as postgraduate programs. In relation to statistics on the United Kingdom, degree programs are considerable popular investments. Despite an increase for fees, students still fill spaces in UK universities. However, research has found a drop in the number of students from affluent background. Despite this, the number of students for degrees in the United Kingdom is considerable higher than in other countries across Europe. This paper provides a comparison between French and United Kingdom degree qualifications. It provides detailed information on qualification requirements, entry and as well as other standards. Self-study is an important aspect in the progression of students in degree programs. Self-studies assist individuals develop their discipline levels, imagination, and observation and exploration skills. Se lf study programs have been on the offing in educational programs. Individuals are now able to learn from online platforms. This comes through long-distance education or online classrooms. Both France and UK now offer degree programs for self study. In order to gain entry into a French university, students need to have passed their entry-level exams in their countries of origin. For the nationals of the country, individuals need to have held a baccalaurà ©at qualification. In spite of prospective

Concidering Censorship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Concidering Censorship - Essay Example Basically, we all know that information is power and the aim of censorship is to control this information and in the end contain power. Therefore, censorship is the control of information or suppression of speech that is distributed in any population with an aim of protecting that population from any harm. What matters at the end of the day is whether the aims and objectives of the censorship have been achieved despite the methods used in censorship. As mentioned above, censorship is varied and comes in many forms reason being that society has different sectors. Moral censorship has the main aim to remove, control or censor any pornographic material such that it does not reach the society. Pornography is not only shunned by traditional and religious groups, but it has also been placed in the group of permanently illegal material by the elites in the society. One such example of moral censorship is the controversy that surrounded the rock and roll group The Rolling Stones on their song â€Å"let’s spend the night together† (Inglis 562). Apparently, the song was obscene and looked down upon, in fact the author states â€Å"such a blatantly sexual song should not be sung to a family audience†. One of the most explicit and intimidating form of censorship around the world is political censorship. This is one way with which most famous dictators have used to remain in power and control their subjects oppressively. Famous African dictators who have been accused of using such censorship include President Robert Mugabe of Zimbabwe among others. In some cases, especially during war, countries involved in war control the information that they release to their population to prevent valuable information from reaching their enemies. Information exchange is controlled in both cases because it is perceived as being ‘harmful’. With great appeals to divinity and religiousness, the church has joined the quest to censor some information leading to the development of

Technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Technology - Essay Example Ideas such as the "bigger is better" now became meaningless. And this transform paved the way for the development of smaller, faster and more reliable machines. In its initial stages, the computer was distant from the American public. Most of the American thought that computers were a sort of alien systems for which they had no use in daily life. Computer developers tried to change that idea by making their systems smaller and easy to find. As a result of this approach, computer technology became well attached to the roots of the American lifestyle by the early eighties of the 21st century. Computers were now sufficiently developed and available to satisfy customer's requirements. Ideas for computer applications were also developed and introduced new banking, entertainment and shopping practices. The development of the integrated circuit in the early 1960's made possible the design and construction of affordable computers that were very accurate and were also small enough to be deployed in an office or a classroom. The video display terminal and the multi-tasking abilities of those new computers made them a popular choice. As a result, ATM machines were introduced for the first time. The early ATM machines were not dependent on a centralized computer network; however, their popularity was on the rise. By the early 1980's, the ATM security was increased, and the machine became a public necessity in the United States. The ATM machine began to appear in different shops and stores. And by the mid eighties, 40 percent of the customers completed about 50 percent of their banking transactions using ATMs. The video game development serves as the best example of how the American entertainment routine was transformed. Steve Russell's "space war" was the first such game developed in 1962. At that time, Russell was MIT graduate student. In his game, a spacecraft was represented by two dots. The dots were controlled by two separate switches. This game became very popular all over the United States, especially among students, and it makes the beginning of the video game industry. In early 1968, "Odyssey", the first home video game system was introduced by Ralph Baer. Crude graphic lines were created by deploying 40 diodes in the system. In 1972, The Odyssey system appeared in the market and thus opened the way for competition in the field. In the same year, Nolan Bushnell announced the foundation of Atari that created the first commercially flourishing coin-based "pong". This was a simple ping-pong video game where large number scores are possible. It was first displayed in California at a club in Sunnyvale. The public was amazed. In 1977, Atari decided to enter the video entertainment market after pong's astonishing success. Their experience was not initially successful, however, the VCS or video computer system designed by Atari sold about 15 million units and thus Atari was now one of the building blocks of the American home entertainment industry. In addition to the home systems, other public consoles were designed by the company and by early 1980's over a million such systems were spread over the entire country. The American lifestyle and video games were now integrated. Computer technology also transformed the music industry. Robert Moog, a Cornell University PhD student, created the first

My Family Is My Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

My Family Is My Life - Essay Example The examples that show these lessons on virtues include kindness, care for others, and development of my good attitude in life towards people and the society, and patience. The second reason for the family is the main foundation of my life is my parents. My parents were the ones who taught me how to eat, build relations with others, how to write and behave making the family as important as ever. My parents also developed me in terms of providing better care, housing, and companionship.   The basis for the formation of life’s values. Many of the values I have were developed at the family unit. Family enabled the formation of basic life values including good mannerisms, morals that act the idea face in the society, development of character, and these all make family my life. I also learned the importance of respect, hard work, commitment to a given goal and the need to be assertive into to order succeed at the family unit. Without the strict guidelines and procedures set at th e family unit, I would not be in a position to achieve success yet maintain professionalism, humility and respect as I have today.  The family has always acted in my best interest with encouragement whenever I fail, appreciation when I succeed, care when ill, and protection from enemies, making family the best friends in life. Secondly, the family has always been there for me through provision of finances and other resources through lower education up to know showing that they have always wanted the best for me.  Ã‚  

Anthrolpology - Illegal Immigration and the Mexican people (research Essay

Anthrolpology - Illegal Immigration and the Mexican people (research paper) - Essay Example Many have, however, attempted to deny access to housing, schools, medical treatment and social programs to non-citizens. Some argue that U.S. laws apply to all within its borders, legally or not such as the Fifth Amendment right to due process of law. The laws certainly apply to all when they are broken. The federal government, to no one’s surprise, has been no help. For example, the Bush administration has long supported some form of amnesty which has enraged those that are opposed to illegal aliens living, working or going to school in the U.S. On the other hand, the administration also endorses the PATRIOT Act which denies constitutionally guaranteed rights to all people and further punishes immigrants in the effort to win the ‘war on terror.’ The ‘right’ answer escapes the government and many others as well because of the issue’s many complexities. This discussion will examine the immigration debate from a legal, economic and social view. It will present the administration’s answer to the problem along with an opposing opinion. It will also speak to laws germane to the debate including a brief review of the PATRIOT Act, the Fifth Amendment regarding due process and the Fourteenth Amendment which relates to automatic citizenship by birth. The fundamental reason for the flood of immigration from Latin America, specifically Mexico, is the disintegration of the Mexican economy predominantly resulting from free-trade strategies employed by the North American Free Trade Agreement and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). The rampant corruption within the Mexican government has also contributed significantly to the collapse of the Mexican economy. â€Å"Due to IMF policies regarding Mexico, its economic output dropped 33 percent in the past two decades† (Small, 2005). During this period, its foreign debt rose 359

Professional Credo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Professional Credo - Essay Example I have come to realize that this is a rather significant and influential value in the course of the interaction between people. In a school setting, this value is portrayed through the interactions of educators with each other and with the students. I believe that for a system to function properly it is of the essence for respect to be existent between the various stakeholders that keep the institution alive. This is because respect is an element, which is two-way. One of the most controversial issues which educators are faced with, and one, which brings about the questioning of respect is when a student means to differ with what the educator is presenting. The notion in this case is that the educator is mostly right in almost all the occasions. For starters, it is significant to note that respect for other people’s opinions is something, which is highly valued in a particular setting. For this reason, an educator has to be in a position to take in and respect what another par ty, particularly a student may pose. Teaching is defined as the cause of knowing something. In this case, the teacher imparts knowledge on the students. This, however, is not to say that the teacher necessarily knows everything. There are those elements which the teacher does not know and on the other hand, there are those elements which the students may have some knowledge of in comparison to the teacher. The one thing, which will make these two parties come to agreement with each other, is the element of respect in them. Respect is something, which I will hold with high esteem in the course of my interaction with the various people in the school. I would not like to disrespect a person because equally I would not like them to disrespect me. I believe that if the students respect each other, they will be in a position to exercise this same respect in other areas, say their education, for example (Noddings, 2010). They will be in a position to see how important this education is. Co mpassion In the course of the teaching profession, there are various instances in which the teacher will get to encounter situations that will demand compassion on the part of the tutor. This is especially in the course of their interactions with their students. There are those students who will be on the wrong in some instances. The true test of compassion on the part of the teacher will be portrayed in the way he or she will handle such students. A case example in this case may be an issue to do with a child who has not carried out his or her assignment majorly because of some upheavals at his or her home. This, as child psychology establishes, is something, which may have some rather devastating effects on the child in question. How will the teacher handle the case of such a child? This is especially if the teacher is punishing other children who have not done the assignment. I believe that compassion is something, which automatically comes up on the part of the teacher majorly a s a result of the situation which he or she may be in. The day-to day activities that are involved with the teaching profession pose situations where the teacher has to exercise compassion (Pierce & Newstorm, 2006). This is especial

Computer Security Essay Example for Free

Computer Security Essay Encryption is method of scrambling data in some manner during transmission. In periods of war, the use of encryption becomes paramount so those messages are not intercepted by the opposing forces. There are a number of different ways to protect data during transmission, such as Substitution (character for character replacement) in which one unit (usually character) of cipher text (unintelligible text or signals produced through an encryption system) is substituted for a corresponding unit of plain text (the intelligible text or signals that can be read without using decryption), according to the algorithm in use and the specific key. The other method is Transposition (rearrangement characters) which is the encryption process in which units of the original plain text (usually individual characteristics) are simply moved around; they appear unchanged in the cipher text for their relative location. Study Case (Bank of Shenandoah Valley) While both encryption and authentication method are providing some measures of security, the implementation of security itself has totally a different approach. Before any methods chosen, the two most important factors in security implementations are having to be determined. The level of security needed and the cost involved, so the appropriate steps can be taken to ensure a safe and secure environment. In this case Bank of Shenandoah Valley is in type of business which a high level of security is required, therefore, I would suggest the use of encryption method with a complex algorithm involved. Although an authentication method is a secure method as well, is not as complex as encryption method of complex algorithm since it has been used in military during the war where a high levels of security are a must. During the war, the use of encryption becomes paramount so those messages are not intercepted by the opposing forces. This is a perfect example of how reliable an encrypted message can be while used within its appropriates guidelines. 4- Describe the three different database models hierarchical, relational and network. For data to be effectively transformed into useful information, it must be organized in a logical, meaningful way. Data is generally organized in a hierarchy that starts with the smallest unit (or piece of data) used by the computer and then progresses into the database, which holds all the information about the topic. The data is organized in a top down or inverted tree likes structure. At the top of every tree or hierarchy is the root segment or element of the tree that corresponds to the main record type. The hierarchical model is best suited to situations in which the logical relationship between data can be properly presented with the one parent many children (one to many) approach. In a hierarchical database, all relationships are one to -one or one- to many, but no group of data can be on the many side of more than one relationship. Network Database is a database in which all types of relationships are allowed. The network database is an extension of the hierarchical model, where the various levels of one-to-many relationships are replaced with owner-member relationships in which a member may have many owners. In a network database structure, more that one path can often be used to access data. Databases structured according to either the hierarchical model or the network model suffers from the same deficiency: once the relationships are established between the data elements, it is difficult to modify them or to create new relationships. Relational Database describes data using a standard tabular format in which all data elements are placed in two-dimensional tables that are the logical equivalent of files. In relational databases, data are accessed by content rather than by address (in contrast with hierarchical and network databases). Relational databases locate data logically, rather than physically. A relational database has no predetermined relationship between the data such as one-to-many sets or one-to-one. Case study ( DAngelo Transportation, Inc.) There are a number of factor which ought to be discussed during discussion: O How much of the system should by computerized? O Should we purchase software or build based on what we are using in the current system. ( make versus buy analysis) O If we decide to make the new system, should we design an on-line or batch system? O Should we design the system for a mainframe computer, minicomputer, microcomputers or some combinations? O What information technologies might be useful for this application? Some of the security issues, are consist of the level of security required and the cost involved in this conversion. A database system is vulnerable to criminal attack at many levels. Typically, it is the end user rather the programmer who is often (but not always) guilty of the simple misuse of applications. Thus, it is essential that the total system is secure. The two classifications of security violations are malicious or accidental. One of the most emphasized and significant factors of any program development is the early involvement of the end-users. This provides the programmer as well as the end-user with important functionality of the new system and help them to adapt to the new working environment more efficiently and effectively. The continuos training of the staff is essential in meeting the objectives of the organization since they will be provided with needed skills and expertise necessary to deal with daily issues using of new system.

Source of Competitive Advantage

Source of Competitive Advantage One of the reasons of the success of 7-Eleven Japan or SEJ comes from the consumer-focused orientation based on Information Systems use. Its complete understanding and control of its market and operations based on IT support contribute to its sustainable competitive advantage. Even though SEJ regards IS as simply a tool, it is known for proactive investment in IT and outsourcing of its critical system. SEJs strategy is outsourcing most of IS management in response to the speed of the market, this strategy allows SEJ to concentrate on developing a vision that works with the business strategy. Regularly, SEJ explores chances to obtain first mover advantage by introducing state-of-the-art technologies, for instance, point-of-sales system and Integrated Service Digital Network (ISDN) in which allowed 30 times faster speeds and enabled SEJ HQ to shorten analysis process of daily POS data item by item. This operational planning and control system expedites inbound and outbound logistics an d the sales forecast relies on POS data to reveal changes in consumer preference. These innovations improve replenishment process and maintain availability of products which in turn sustain the degree of customer loyalty leading to the competitive advantage. In the US, 7-Eleven was the first major convenience store chain in the US to develop a proprietary Retail Information System (RIS) feature POS, item level sales analysis, automated back office functions such as sales and cash reporting, payroll, gasoline pricing and inventory control, which are connected directly to the company accounting system and integrated gasoline pay-at-the-pump functionality. The system builds efficiencies towards ordering, distribution and merchandising processes. Similar to its strategy in Japan, 7-Eleven outsource majority of RIS to third party providers. RIS implementation provides timely, accurate sales information on an item-by-item basis in which facilitates inventory management that is known to be the key success factor in C-store business where inventory turnover is fast and replenishment process has to be able to catch up with the pace. Consequently, they are attributable to the source of sustainable competitive advantage of its operation in the US. Not to mention the introduction of integrated credit-card authorization and gasoline sales into POS register that yields more American customer base as they are mono-chronic culture who prefer one-stop shopping. References Briggs, W. Shore, B. 2007, Competitive Analysis of Enterprise Integration Strategies, Industrial Management Data Systems, vol.107, no.7, pp.925-935. http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:aZIbIH9D0hsJ:suffolk.us/wbriggs/Competitive%2520Analysis%2520of%2520Enterprise%2520Integration%2520Strategies%2520EDITED%25204-23-07.doc+Competitive+Analysis+of+Enterprise+Integration+Strategiescd=3hl=enct=clnkgl=au Gottfredson, M. Puryear, R. Phillips, S. 2005, Capability Sourcing at 7-Eleven, viewed 29 April 2010, . Nagayama, K. Weill, P. 2004, 7-Eleven Japan Co.Ltd.: Reinventing the Retail Business Model, CISR WP no. 338, pp.1-20. http://202.205.89.79/download/materials/2009s/discipline/system_approach_to_accounting/Case%20Seven%20Eleven%20Japan%20cisrwp338.pdf

Examining The Types Of Communication Networks Information Technology Essay

Examining The Types Of Communication Networks Information Technology Essay Nowadays there are many ways in which people communicate, because communication became an essential in our daily life. Communication can be done orally and none verbally such type of communication can be done through writing in letters or emails. When the communication is done through the internet then it will be called a Communication Network. Communication are set so that messages can be passed from one part of the network to another though various nodes and multiple links. Communication networks is a made up from five basic components that are all present in each network environment. Those components are: terminals, telecommunications processors, telecommunications channels, computers, and telecommunications control software. Function of each component: Terminals: Devices used to transmit or receive data. Processors: used to support data transmission and data reception. Communication channels: are the ways and methods in which the date is transmitted. Computers: are the devices connected to the network in order to provide data and communication. Control Software: is responsible about controlling all the network activities. When we talk about communication network its much more than the basic communication done through the internet. We have two main types of communication networks in which we can communicate through. These two basic types on communication network are WAN AND LAN, when WAN stands for Wide Area Network, and LAN stands for Local Area Network. From there we can interpret that there is a great difference between both networks. The Wide Area Network is a network that covers a large geographical area, like connecting one city to the other WAN is more like a group of interconnected LAN networks,and it may be limited to an enterprise such as a corporation or an organization, also it can be accessible to the public. WANs provided by service provider connection a collection of LANs to the internet, for that the Internet is considered to be an example of a worldwide public WAN. WANs are widely used by big businesses, whether statewide or multinational, its also used by governmental, educational, research or philanthropic enterprises. The Local Area Network is a smaller type of networks, usually limited with an office base. The most common type of Local Area Networks is the Ethernet. Connection is established between the workstations physically components these physical technologies that build a LAN can be described generally as follows: A physical media such as a cable is used to connect the devices, Interfaces (such as an interface network card) on the individual devices that are connected to the media. Protocols are used transmit data across the network. Application Software that negotiates, interprets, and administers the network and its services. Local Area Network especially if they were large or connected to other networks includes signal repeaters and bridges or routers. LANs can be collectively be linked to create a WAN because they are smaller networks. This is done by using basic network hardware devices such as series of bridges and routers, which enable interconnectivity between separate LANs. The contrasting features of Local Area Networks in comparison with Wide Area Networks is that the LAN date transfer rate is way faster, because WANs needs a leased line and a broad geographical area. While LANs cover a small geographical area and doesnt rely on common carriers. A LAN network is more private than a WAN network, because a LAN needs a password validation as it also has specific user rights. Hardware resources are shared on a LAN, while on a WAN the focus is more on communications. Also there is a difference in their network topology, in a LAN its often a peer-to-peer, which means that each client share resources with other workstations In the network. Whole WAN networks operate more on the client-to-sever topology basis with interconnected LANs, in other words all resources are provided and requested from the server. One other major difference is that the cost to set up a LAN in comparison to WAN. A WAN network is relatively expensive, while setting up a LAN network connections are inexpensive even though the connection is high speed. In other words setting up one big LAN network in comparison to a small WAN network will be the cheaper option. MAN is the acronym for metropolitan area network which is an another type of communication networks. It connects computers in a network; its usually larger than a LAN but smaller than a WAN. Often MAN is used to connect the computers of a city, but it may also be used to connect the machines of a University or similar institution. Some cities use MAN such as London, England, Geneva, Switzerland, and Poland. Not all computers in a MAN area need to be connected to the network, but the MAN usually connect as a whole to the internet, and thus provide a connection for those who choose to use this type of network. Efficiency and shared access are two advantages of using a MAN network, because all computer-owning residents in the area have equal ability to go on line. Some disadvantages are related to cost, politics, and security. Circuit Switching Packet Switching Networks: A fundamental way of differentiating between network technologies is done on the basis of the method they use to determine the path between devices over which information will be sent and received. there are two different approaches: either a path that can be set up between the devices in advance, or the data would be sent as individual data elements over a variable path. Circuit Switching: In this networking method, between two devices a connection called the circuit will be set up, which will be used for the whole communication. The network is used to maintain information about the nature of the circuit. There is two different types of circuits: a fixed circuit that is always present, or a circuit that is created depending if its needed or no. even though in circuit switching through intermediate devices there is many potential paths that exist between the two devices communicating, only one path is used for any given dialogue. The main example of a circuit-switched network is the telephone system. When you call someone and they pick up, you establish a circuit connection which starts passing the data, in a steady stream if desired. That circuit functions the same way regardless of how many intermediate devices are used to carry your voice. You can use it as long as you need it, and then after your done the circuit will be terminated. The next time you call, a new circuit will be established, which probably will use a different hardware than the first circuit did, depending on what hardware is available at that time in the network. Packet Switching: In this type of network, no specific/exact path is used for data transfer. Instead, the data is divided into small pieces called packets and sent over the network. The packets can be routed, combined or fragmented, as required to get them to their final destination. While On the receiving end, the process will be reversed; the data is read from the packets and re-assembled into the form of the original data. A packet-switched network is more related to the postal system than it is to the telephone system. Comparing Packet Switching and Circuit Switching One important issue in selecting a switching method is determining the network medium if it is shared or dedicated. Your phone line can be used for establishing a circuit because it is a dedicated network you are the only one using it. While in LANs a single shared medium and baseband signaling is used. If two devices were to establish a connection, they would reserve all the other devices for a long time. For that in a shared medium network it makes more sense to divide that into small packets and send them once at a time. Then, if two other devices want to communicate, their packets can be interspersed and everyone can share the network without any devices lock-out. The reason why packet switching is becoming predominant nowadays is the ability to have more than one device communicating simultaneously without a dedicated path. However, there are some disadvantages of packet switching when compared to circuit switching. one is that since all data does not take the same, predictable path between devices, it is possible that some pieces of data may get lost in transmission, or wont be received in a correct order. But In some situations the order doesnt matter, while in others it is very important. There is two types of packet switching: Virtual Circuit Packet Switching Virtual circuits allow packets to contain only the circuit number instead of the full destination address, so less router memory and bandwidth will be required. Thus the cost is relatively cheap. Virtual circuit consumes time and resources because it requires a setup phase. In virtual circuit, router only uses the circuit number to index into a table to find out where the packet are going. Virtual circuit has some advantages in avoiding congestion in the subnet, because the resources can be reserved in advance, but the connection should be established. The loss fault on the communication line vanish the virtual circuits. In virtual circuit a fixed path is used during transmission, so traffic throughout the subnet cant be balanced. This causes a congestion problem. A virtual circuit is an implementation of a connection oriented service. Datagram Packet Switching Datagram circuits allow the packets to contain full address instead of the circuit number only, so a larger bandwidth is need. Thus datagram is relatively much more expensive. Datagram circuit does not require a setup phase, so there will be no resources consumed. In datagram circuit, a more complicated procedure is required to determine the where will the packet go. In a datagram subnet, congestion avoidance is much more difficult. The loss or fault on communication line can be easily compensated in datagram circuits. Datagram allows the router to balance the traffic throughout the subnet, since the router can be changed halfway through any connection. Asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) It is a switching technology that assists and facilitates the movement of data from one point to another. ATM is one of the preferred technologies, because of its high efficiency of use, especially while using different hardware components. Unlike other types of technology, the efficiency and speed used in ATM makes it one of the most common network protocol standards in use nowadays. The main advantage of ATM technology is the ability to transfer many various types of data at the same time. This is because as long as the bandwidth is available it will be utilized. While other type of technologies does not allow all the bandwidth to be used once a particular function is started. Therefore, ATM makes a very efficient way to transfer video files, pictures, e-mail and even live streaming video and audio. ATM Services There is three types of ATM services: Permanent Virtual Circuits (PVC): A PVC provides direct connectivity between sites, so its similar to a leased line. Among its many advantages, PVC guarantees availability of a connection ,and does not require call setup procedures between switches before establishing a connection. Disadvantages of PVCs include static connectivity and the manual setup( Each piece of equipment between the source and the destination must be manually provisioned ). Furthermore, there is no network resiliency available while working with PVC. Switched Virtual Circuits (SVC): A SVC is created and released dynamically. It remains in use only as long as the data is being transferred, which is similar to a telephone call. The dynamic call control requires a signaling protocol between the ATM endpoint and the ATM switch. The advantages of SVCs include connection flexibility and the autoamtix handling of a call setup by a networking device. While the disadvantages include the extra time and the overhead required to set up the connection. connectionless service (similar to SMDS) ATM Virtual Connections ATM networks are fundamentally connection-oriented networks, which mean that a virtual channel (VC) must be set up across the ATM network before any data transfer. A virtual channel is relatively similar to a virtual circuit.) Two types of ATM connections are: Virtual Paths: which are identified by the virtual path identifiers. Virtual Channels: which are identified by the combination of a virtual path identifier (VPI) and a virtual channel identifier (VCI). To conclude, many type of communication are either IT communications or Interpersonal Communication, both types are used by people. Communication helps us to interact, make friends, be success at work, perform well in a team, and the most important thing is being able to use the latest technology in communicating. The one type of communication network used widely is the internet. Nowadays there isnt a single person that does not have a wireless connection or an internet cable at home. People usually use the LAN network instead of WAN networks just as hotels or big firms do. Staying connected at the internet provides a person with a plenty of advantages, it made life way easier..

Essay --

Introducing all readers to the implications of a multicultural society for law enforcement, inside and outside the police agency discussing the aspects of the changing population, and presents views on diversity the presence of different cultures can affect the very nature and perception of crime itself (Robert M. Shusta) Law enforcement challenges related to the growing multicultural population in the United States begins with the need for an increased understanding of the diverse populations with which law enforcement officials interact. Society incorporates a brief historical perspective on immigration. The contact between a person’s culture and a particular crime or offense this essay presents practical reasons why officers should have an understanding of the cultural backgrounds of the groups they commonly encounter. Prejudice interferes with, but can be overcome by, the professional behavior of police officers. Community based policing, along with its implications for positive relations and contact with diverse immigrant and ethnic communities. Enforcement in multicultural communities accepting diversity has always been a difficult proposition for most Americans (Miller, 2003). Typical criticisms of immigrants, now and historically, include, they don’t learn our language, they hold on to their cultures, their customs and behavior are strange, and they form cliques. Many newcomers have historically resisted Americanization; keeping to ethnic enclaves they were not usually accepted by mainstream society. Attending training in cultural diversity has become a mainstay of contemporary police professional development. Although many officers have received such training repeatedly, they often lose sight of the underlying issues that... ... will remain complicated. At a minimum, there must be a basic acceptance of diversity on the part of all criminal justice representatives as a precursor to improving interpersonal relations and contact across ethnic, cultural, and racial lines. For over 150 years, there has been a history of tension and conflict between minority and the police communities in the United States. Law enforcement enforce the law and protect all citizens regardless of race or ethnic background, yet police across the states have been repeatedly accused of targeting and harassing racial minorities, and failing to root out racist attitudes and practices within their ranks. Recent, high profile cases of beatings by police have only served to heighten concerns over the mistreatment of minorities by the police, resulting in extensive calls for major institutional and legal reforms.

Odyssey Essay -- essays research papers

The Odyssey is an epic composed by Homer, an early Greek storyteller. This epic was the basis for Greek and Roman education. Epics are long poems marked by adventure. The main character in an epic is an epic hero. The epic hero is a figure of great stature and may be a character from history or legend. Epic heroes’ most remarkable traits are usually the ones most valued by the society from which the epic came. The main character in this epic is Odysseus. Odysseus is on a quest to find his home after a war. Odysseus is an epic hero. An epic hero exhibits great leadership qualities. One of these qualities is having aplomb in critical times. This is exemplified when Odysseus is trapped in the cave of the Cyclops, a giant one-eyed monster. The Cyclops puts a stone unmovable by Odysseus and his men in front of the entrance to the cave. While most men would have lost their composure, Odysseus remains calm and rational. He thinks of a brilliant way to escape the cave of the Cyclops in a time of tension. Odysseus, referring to an olive tree, says: â€Å"I hewed it again to make a stake with a pointed end.† He carves an olive tree into a stake as a weapon against the Cyclops. This also demonstrates Odysseus’ resourcefulness, which is another leadership quality. Odysseus comes up with a way to escape the cave with very little available. He hides under the bellies of sheep from the Cyclops as they leave to escape the cave. Odysseus’ resourcefulness helps him escape from the giant Cycl...

Politics and Global Warming Essay

Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Every day we go about our own business.   Many of us never take the time to look around and see how we are affecting our earth’s atmosphere.   Everywhere you look today you are bound to see some factory or machinery polluting our air. Just think how many times you have seen those large semi trucks or big fossil fuel factories emitting thick dark smoke into the atmosphere.   We need to come to reality and realize that all that polluting we have been doing over the last half-century is finally catching up to us. It is very easy to detect through scientific research that our earth’s climate is changing, Time magazine reports in its 2004 issue that the earth’s average temperature is increasing at a steady rate.   Yes, we all have heard the term â€Å"global warming†, however many people don’t know in depth what global warming is, or how our actions will affect our earth if we don’t respond to the issue.   If we can educate ourselves on what global warming is and how it will affect us in the near and far future, we can then begin to change our old habits of polluting and create new habits and goals to living in a much healthier and cleaner environment. The purpose of this study is to know what global warming is and what the government is doing to resolve the issue as well as what else can be done in short term and long term. Background What is global warming?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Global Warming is an issue that concerns almost everybody worldwide: it is the primary cause for the erratic and sometimes devastating weather that is experienced around the world. Global warming is causing the rise in sea level which in turn causes the flooding of coastal areas and areas with low elevation. Global Warming and doomsday   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Will global warming spell doom for our world? Scientists believe this to be so. â€Å"Much depends on what actions we take now and in the coming years.† Meteorologist Jagadish Shukla of the University of Maryland found out that deforestation would cause rainfall in the Amazon River to decline by more than 26 percent from the current 2.5 m. to about 1.8 m. a year (Bellamy, 2000).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   At the same time, the burning of fossil fuels, particularly coal and oil, produces sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides which are hazardous to the atmosphere. Findings show that a single smokestack may produce as much as 500 tons of sulfur dioxide a day. When these gases combine with oxygen and moisture, sulfuric acid and nitric acid is formed. The rain will carry the acids to the ground (acid rain) which may cause the depletion of calcium and magnesium in the soil, elements needed by plants for the formation of chlorophyll and wood, or it may cause the release of aluminum in the soil, which are poisonous and can kill the roots of trees (Carwardine, 2000). Discussion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   During the earliest times, the life-styles of our ancestors were very simple. The air they breathed was clean. The streams were clear and free of harmful organisms. They used natural fertilizers for their agricultural crops. The surroundings were free of household throwaways.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Today, there has been a tremendous growth in science and technology. Such advances have brought about changes in terms of new products, improved equipment, and more effective methodologies. Unfortunately, this same technology which made life easier for us produced wastes which are now affecting the quality of our surrounding air, water, and land. Factories and motor vehicles send tons of pollutants into our air. Excessive air pollution poses a danger to our health and environment. It can likewise cause stunted growth and even death to our plants. Out streams are polluted by discharges from industrial plants that use chemicals.   Garbage and sink wastes are carelessly thrown in our surroundings. Synthetic fertilizers and insecticides pollute our land and farm products (Johnston, 2000).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   At the same time, the burning of fossil fuels, particularly coal and oil, produces sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides which are hazardous to the atmosphere. Findings show that a single smokestack may produce as much as 500 tons of sulfur dioxide a day. When these gases combine with oxygen and moisture, sulfuric acid and nitric acid are formed (Jenner, 1999). The rain will carry the acids to the ground (acid rain) which may cause the depletion of calcium and magnesium in the soil, elements needed by plants for the formation of chlorophyll and wood, or it may cause the release of aluminum in the soil, which are poisonous and can kill the roots of trees.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Nitrous oxide or â€Å"laughing gas’ is a colorless gas with a sweet taste and odor that is used as an anesthetic in minor surgery that H2O is responsible for about 6 percent of the human contributes to greenhouse warming. Methane or â€Å"cow gas,† on the other hand, makes up about 18 percent of human contributions to greenhouse effect. Cattle, sheep, goats, and other cud-chewing animals give off methane, in burps and flatulence as they digest (Cairncross, 2002).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   CFCs are estimated to account for 14 percent of global warming. Experts said that what is happening right now is not a matter of adding a few degrees to the average temperature of a community. A rise of this magnitude may cause life, for without the environment, creatures on earth cannot survive   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Are we all aware of the extent of the damages brought about by modernization? Have we contributed to such environmental dilemma? What have we done to minimize such danger to our lives?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   How can we take care of our environment? We must undertake measures to preserve our resources and minimize utilization of energy before it’s too late. Our fight against pollution is an initial step toward conserving our environmental resources and energy. We must all join hands for this common goal.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Furthermore, of all issues affecting humanity, climate change is the most pervasive and truly global, posing a very real and serious threat to our environment. Climate change is the alteration of the pattern of global climate that may be due to human activity that alters the composition of the atmosphere.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   If present day emissions of greenhouse gases continue, it is estimated that the rate of increase in global mean temperatures will reach about 0.3o C per decade. This will mean a likely increase of 1o C above the present level by the year 2025, and 3o C before the end of the next century. Resolution   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   a.) Recycling and Reuse of Solid Wastes   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Solid wastes are now viewed as a potential resource which must be recovered and reused whenever possible. Since disposal forest resources are rapidly being depleted, recycling solid wastes offer a solution to both.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Consider the element phosphorus. Mined from phosphate ores, it is manufactured into fertilizers. It enters the plant tissues and we obtain it when we eat plant as vegetable. This is later excreted and joins the sewage system. The sewage system sludge can be used directly as fertilizer or soil conditioner.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Used bottles can be used over and over again. Durable plastic containers can be saved for more household uses. Tires can be recapped and used again. Old clothing materials are used as kitchen towels and bags (see Environment Matters: Industry’s Guide to the Issues, the Challenges and the Solutions, 1999).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   If the materials cannot be used over several times, then they can be shredded and converted into a new form. Old newspapers are repulped into new paper. Broken glasses are ground and manufactured into new ones. Tires are processed to raw rubber. Protein leftovers are manufactured into animal feeds.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   b.) Conserving our Forests   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Every now and then we receive alarming news about our forests being denuded. Big logging concessionaires indiscriminately cut down trees without undertaking reforestation measures.   Without trees, the soil is loosened and rapid erosion occurs. As a result fertile topsoil is washed away, which makes growth of other forms of vegetation almost impossible. We suffer great loss of timber, wildlife, and other forest products. But the greatest danger is the occurrence of floods and global warming that cause losses of food, properties, and lives (Davidson, 1999). III. Conclusion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In conclusion,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   of all issues affecting humanity, climate change is the most pervasive and truly global, posing a very real and serious threat to our environment. Climate change is the alteration of the pattern of global climate that may be due to human activity that alters the composition of the atmosphere.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I can personally say that as a young individual, I should do something about it before it is too late and must not only depend on our government. Global warming may affect my health, if not resolved, and may take my life at risk if nature starts to avenge of what people doing.   I need to recycle and reuse my solid wastes and encourage everyone to conserve our forests by not cutting down trees without undertaking reforestation measures. In addition, burning of fuel must be avoided because it can contribute to the possibility of having a global warming.   

Governments can affect tourism development in a number of different ways and at three scales, national, regional and local

At a matter dental plate the g ein truthwherenment sets a very(prenominal) broad agenda for tourerry, they define uncomplicated goals for ontogeny and identify polices with broad strategies for their implementation. The master(prenominal) aim at this level is to foster economic evolution, especially in LEDCs as both local anesthetic and inter field phaetonry hatful be very profitable. content touristry plans designate touristry exploitation regions to serve up redistribute wealth, to create function and to channel development into zones that founder the attach fondnesss and infra construction.This broad planning and concentration on economic development is very authorise in the case study of Ireland. IN 1993 1. 25 million concourse visited northern Ireland and 10,000 were directly occupied in the tourism industry. In Ireland in that respect were ab come in 3. 5 million visitors and over 90,000 people were employed in tourism. Then in celestial latitude 19 94 the British and Irish governments announced national tourism plans to market Ireland as a whole rather than two reveal argonas. In 1995 i6. 8 million tourism incentive attracted 92,000 much visitors to the ara, which in snatch generated a further i4 million in international aid.This should dish Ireland to develop economically and should create 30,000 new jobs. Such furtherance has increased the confidence of private investors e. g. Hilton global built a i17 million high life hotel along the lagan river in Belfast, as part of a i130 million enthronisation scheme. At a regional plateful the government has a much great influence on specific tourism development issues. in that respect is usually a greater level of concern over potential environmental impacts of tourism development, so therefrom the government may cumber tourism development rather than all told support it to protect the environment.Also a more detailed consideration of the character and location of v isitor attractions, to puddleher with keep services such as adaption are considered. Regional plans often set up strategies aimed at the concentration or dispersion of visitors, the planning of tourist information services, the duty assignment of tourist r unwrapes and strategic placement of call attractions. Therefore the government may promote a new, up and coming regional attraction or they may take on to discourage use such as in the region of wedlock Devon, where for slip Braunton burrows is being discouraged from tourists, as it is a very fragile area.This is done by restricting use to the gondola parks, placing ministry of defensive measure signs and promoting the area of Saunton Sands, which manoeuver draw tourists out of the fragile location. Another representative is the southbound west of England where the tourist boards of England and Wales (although they have no legally enforceable status) provide most-valuable frameworks for co-ordinating private and pub lic sector development of tourism. They have to manage riddles such as congestion and poor accessibility.Local scale planning policies are focused on the physical organisation of tourism resources and facilities (accommodation, local, transport, supply and local attractions), the control of physical development (such as hotel construction) and instruction of visitors. These are in general short-term plans and mostly regale with preventing or reducing conflicts in tourism and encouraging its development. The management of tourism is vital to the move success of the industry.The main aim of tourism is to be sustainable, because all tourism developments have the potential to damage the environment, the complaisant structure or the economic stability of an area. The environment is particularly easy to damage if the carrying contentedness of a tourist attraction is exceeded. This volition petabyte to a series of problems, which willing precipitate the quality of the attracti on and therefore discourage visitors from coming, which will wherefore(prenominal) set aside the industry. So management is particularly important with environmental attractions with the main aim of memory the number of people below the carrying capacity.An example of this kind of management is Watersmeet in northwest Devon. Here there is careful management to prevent lots of visitors from coming to the location. There is a very limited car park, which requires a fee based on the length of time stayed. The lodge of Watersmeet is laid away from the road and is not good accessible to wheelchairs, elderly or buggies collectable to narrow steep paths and bridges. It is in both case on purpose badly signposted so that is difficult to realise unless you specifically look for it. There are to a fault no signs to encourage strolls along the footpaths to the surrounding villages to preserve the paths and bridges.The finishing and inheritance of a location can also be damaged by tourism. Clovelly outperform illustrates this, as it is a honey pot attraction in North Devon. This village was very popular with tourists and because of its size was overrun by the increase in numbers. This could have lead to the construction of new buildings such as hotels and restraints that werent in fitting with the live gloss and may have even deputized existing tralatitious shops. To prevent this kind of social damage the area is managed to restrict visitors and is unappealing to all traffic.Development is also curb in Clovelly to preserve the culture and traditional crafts of the area. All over North Devon there is a delicate culture that umpteen tourists come to experience. To protect this especially in the issue Park areas, it is managed so that any conflicts always favour the solutions that protect the environment, culture and heritage of the location. Surprisingly tourism can also damage the economic stability of an area, which at first sight is not thought of, as tourism is a profitable industry.It requires a vast step of investment to set up a tourist attraction and then unless the endure is carefully managed the attraction will utter capital and any the owners or the local area will have to right keep going the loan, upsetting the sparing. Tourism also requires a lot of extra money to maintain the attractions, which can be belittled unless it is carefully managed and spent wisely. If the money is faineant and doesnt properly restore the facility then it will loose business and the tourism industry will suffer.Another problem with tourism is that the jobs it provides for the local economy are seasonal and not full time. This doesnt help put money into the local economy as many of the residents require more permanent jobs and so seek mesh elsewhere. The jobs provided are also often effrontery to outsiders who then take their profits out of the location, not aiding the economy. Management, especially in the content Park and He ritage Coast of North Devon, ensures that those who profit from tourism are either from the immediate area, or are people who will use the money to help maintain or further tourist development.This includes large companies such as the National Trust who plough profits back into the economy, this keeps the tourist industry afloat speckle also creating a stable economy. A big problem for the tourist industry is the infrastructure of the location and whether it can deal with the high numbers of visitors or not. It has to be carefully managed so that the tourists can get to the facilities and enjoy their stay without damaging the environment, or the cultural heritage of the attraction.For example tourists aim roads and accommodation to enjoy their trip, however if this involves buildings a huge bypass then this will damage the environment and decrease the environmental quality of the area, this may lead to a decrease in visitors and a decline in the industry. Also a new hotel complex may be built for tourists yet this may replace a traditional shop or craft centre, which was originally a tourist attraction, so management is very important. overall it is clear to see that unless a tourist area is carefully managed then it will be damaged which will have in mind les people visit the area and so the tourist industry will fail.

The war which the world feared upon never happened

The war which the founding feargond upon never happened, the C obsolete struggle. get together States of the States and the Soviets be preparing for this battle as who among these apex-notch forcefulnesss will really dominate the dry land. As a means of preparation they atomic number 18 to dominate the seas, e superfluously the under sea navigational fleet, the milling machinerys.Ameri nooky buoy leaders as a means of preparing for battle put their swear and confidence in their paladin force. empower by their own power plants these atomic gun for hires argon to dominate the seas with unbelievable ordinariness and with weapons of incredible destructive power.The imagination of fill outmarine came from the Germans who were the ones who pioneered in the creation of the vessel during conception War II (Weir, 1998). The US navy blue has envisioned that skids of the future would go deeper and decease a great deal faster. Thus as the days passed, the thermo atomi c gunslinger was created.Under the US multitude force, the main mission of the setoff cognise SSBNs or Ship Submersible ballistic Nuclear was for the prevention of war to happen. They are to be deployed to strategic sites for them to guard and therefore to prevent war (Weir, 1998). Because of their relentless power, as the thermonuclear is utilize to propel them, they fuddle the capability to submerge and circumnavigate the world with fewer expenses. They can submerge for frame of days to avoid detection and can easy guard strategic sites as their main mission. They are considered as the guardians of a possible nuclear war.According to David Munns in his book, the superlative advantage so that submarines, armed with ballistic missiles, can release its relentless power is that they cod to be close to the land. This view was the main basis for the development of the submarine armament force of both get together States and the Soviet Union. Throughout the 45- course arc tic War both countries developed submarines, especially nuclear powered, to gain intelligence or for espionage, callable to its stealth power, and to bang and destroy any possible enemy rise ships. Its sizable ballistic missiles have the ability to barrage ground or land found targets. Both countries develop such decent undersea fleet and were considered as the more(prenominal)(prenominal) than or less potent nuclear threat for both of them. (Munns, 2004)The main idea was that to counter this stringy surface warships and nuclear propelled missile cruisers and aircraft carries they have to develop to a greater extent powerful tube fleet (Munns, 2004). With the development of the nuclear power, the first ship that was ever concord by the Americans that went to sea is the USS Nautilus. It went to sea on January of 1955. It is propelled by pressurized-water nuclear reactor plant. This firs submarine build by the Americans sets the new standard for submarines (Huchtaus en, 2002).The Russians on the other hand, built their first submarine which went to sea on a much later date. The K-3 or alike cognize as Leninsky Komosol, it is a part of the November social manikin of attack submarines but went to sea wholly on 1958. This submarine was the first Soviet sub who have reached the North pole, only in 1962, which the joined States first sub USS Nautilus have already through with(p) four years earlier. The November phratry submrines stock-still had serious problems one example was the diagonal happened in 1968 of its K-27 referable to a hot gas lead which killed 9 sight (Huchthausen, 2002).The next line of submarines that was built by the Americans was the skipjack degree Submarines. Built in 1959, this attack submarine was the first to commix nuclear power which has extraordinary speed. This is more hydronamic which has a new teardrop remove stick out. All other US submarines that was created was base on this origination. The known accident that happened for this association of submarine was on May 21, 1968 when the USS Skipjack Scorpion was lost in the sea and was nowhere to be found even due to extensive military search. All the 99 people aboard the submarine in addition lost their lives (Compton-Hall, 1999).The Soviet built the Hotel-class submarines on 1960. This is the first Soviet Nuclear subs which carries with it ballistic missiles. The design of the November Class is much connatural to that of the November class, but with much larger compartment to give the ballistic missiles (Compton-Hall, 1999). On the aforesaid(prenominal) year the Skipjack Class was created, the US soldiery built the USS George Washington Class. Built and deployed on 1959, this submarine was the first Nuclear ballistic missile submarine which was created. The main idea for this ballistic missile submarines was that it would attack land-based targets with its nuclear weapons. They are to be deployed near shore targets so that their keen-sighted range missiles can easily hit their targets.The Soviets then digit the superordinate Class submarines in 1967. Their design was to attack enemy submarines and to nurture surface ships of the Soviets. The new teardrop take enabled the captain Class to attain higher speed. The Soviets tho abandoned the construction of the second Victor submarine design subsequently learnedness through spy information that the NATO forces could easily track them (Compton-Hall, 1999). Due to this, the Soviets created the Victor 3 submarine.The Americans on 1961 built the threshing machine Class attack submarines. This submarine is much stronger, much faster, and can dive much deeper. It is as well designed to be quieter than the Skipjack Class, the materials used in this class have more streaming improvements. The name was however changed from Thresher Class to Permit Class when the submarine Thresher sank in New England in 1963 killing all 129 crew (Huchtausen, 2002).In 1967, the Soviets created the Yankee Class submarines. This is the first Submarine that has the same firepower as that of the US submarines. This is much quieter than the Hotel Class due to a new hull shape, a new propeller design, and out-of-door sound-deadening coatings which is much harder to track. Several modifications were also make on this class, with its big design it was enabled to aim miniature submarines.On 1976, the Americans built and deployed the Los Angeles class. This class had 62 vessels built and is considered as the worlds largest nuclear-propelled submarine. This class was designed to primarily protect carriers and other enemy submarine. The purpose of this submarine was the same as that of the Soviets Victor Class. This submarine however was much more powerful than the Victor class because of its capability to do other special missions such as deployment of Special Forces on the ground and attacking larger targets. The Los Angeles class was also modify for be tter fruitcake operations on the North and in the south Pole (Compton-Hall, 1999).The next class built by the Soviet and one of the blend Class is the Typhoon class submarine. During its time, in 1981, it was considered as the worlds largest attack submarine. This improved design which is much quieter compared to its size. This submarine is also more maneuverable even if it is huge. The design of this submarine is much more change due to the existence of devil printing press hulls which is parallel with each other and a third hull which is on top of them. This design increases its width and had simplified natural arrangements. Being part of a conjunctive arms reduction program of the causality Soviet states, six of the Typhoon class was tear down in 2003 (Compton-Hall, 1999).The Ohio-class submarine is the last among the long line of designs of the ballistic-missile submarine fleet of US. It re placed the old 1960s version and was larger and more capable than its precedent s. These subs can carry more and longer-range weapons, operate more quietly, and dive deeper (Compton-Hall, 1999). Russia, on the other hand, designed the contemporary of Ohio, the Oscar submarines. These are Russias largest and most advanced and are still active submarines. figure of speeched to attack U.S. aircraft carrier battle groups, it carries three times as many antiship cruise missiles than its predecessors (Compton-Hall, 1999).Norman Polmar and K.J. Moore, were two naval officials under the US arm Forces who were interviewed by Munns in his book. They said that the United States and the Soviet Union put to sea a combined total of 936 submarines, of which 401 were nuclear propelled, during the whole Cold war from 1945-1991 (Munns, 2004). The Soviet Union was the one who is aggressive in the development of submarines. This development still continues until after the 1970s where research and effort to make the vessels more powerful were developed.From the mid-1940s until ea rly 1990s, Cold War was a distributor point of affair and competition between two superpowers, the United States and the Soviet Union. It was also a period of great technological advancements in the military with no less than the development of nuclear submarines. Faster, quieter and deadlier weapons were developed. It was also this same period which placed the entire world on edge. And intimate the potentials of these weapons, the war that never happened also brought odd relief to mankind.WORKS CITEDCompton-Hall, Richard. The Submarine Pioneers. Sutton Publishing, 1999.Huchthausen, Peter. K-19 The WidowmakerThe Secret allegory of the Soviet Nuclear Submarine. National geographic Books, 2002.Munns, David W. Sea Power. May 2004. Retrieved at http//findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3738/is_200405/ai_n9345820Polmar, Norman and Moore,K.J. COLD WAR SUBMARINES The Design and Construction of U.S. and Soviet Submarines. Dulles, Va. Brasseys, March 2004. 336 pp.Weir, Gary E. qabalistic Ocean, Cold War. Washington Brasseys, 1998.Evolution of Subs U.S. and Soviet Submarine Milestones of the Cold War. National Geographic. http//www.nationalgeographic.com/k19/evolution_main.html

Character of Lady Macbeth Essay

Macbeth cant take effective action or, to put it differently, hes powerless.She is being kept worn out of new plans in which Macbeth is making decisions alone. Firstly, Lady Macbeth appears in Act 1 Scene 5. She is in her and Macbeth’s castle. She receives a letter from Macbeth logical and reads it.Macbeth isnt the only character who wants encouragement.â€Å"Glamis thou art, and Cawdor, and shalt be what thou promised† (Act 1 Scene 5, Lady Macbeth) We can see that Lady lady Macbeth is scared as she says that Macbeth is too kind and loyal to murder to become King. â€Å"Is too full o’ the milk of human kindness to catch the nearest way.† (Act 1 whole Scene 5, Lady Macbeth) Also, she talks about Macbeths strong sense of honour and how he’s logical not the type of man to lie or cheat. â€Å"Thou wouldst thou holily ; wouldst not play false.

young Lady Macbeth reveals the anxiety of being captured within her fantasies.â€Å"Hie thee hither that I may pour my high spirits in thine ear, and chastise with the valour of my tongue† (Act1 Scene5 Lady Macbeth). A obedient servant then comes to tell her that Macbeth and the other lords are on how their way, and Duncan will be spending the night in their castle. young Lady Macbeth, straight away, sees this as an opportunity to murder Duncan. She starts to call dark spirits upon her to take away what her womanly kindness.For Macbeth, it becomes excessively simpler.â€Å"O, never shall sun that morrow see.† (Act 1 Scene 5, Lady lady Macbeth – Macbeth). She then tells Macbeth her plan to kill Duncan. part She tells Macbeth she will do all the planning.

Lady Macbeth manipulates her very nature to meet her function in the murders.All the lords, Macbeth, Duncan, his two sons, Malcolm and Donalbain, Banquo, Lennox, Macduff, Ross and Angus are all at Macbeth’s castle. Lady Macbeth arrives and greets Duncan. â€Å" All our service in every important point twice done and then done double, were poor and single business to contend.† (Act1 Scene6, young Lady Macbeth – Duncan).Lady Macbeth is extremely direct and intelligent.In this scene , lady Macbeth is seen as the perfect hostess. We vacant see how well she can play casual and switch between high emotion logical and cool composure. In Act 1 Scene 7, we see her talking with Macbeth, in the castle. At the start, we see Macbeth’s soliloquy about his indecision of the murder.

At the fresh start of the play, Lady Macbeth appeared to be a put girl.† (Act 1 Scene 7, Macbeth – young Lady Macbeth).Lady Macbeth seems to be very unimpressed with what Macbeth has said. She then tricks exalted him into continuing on with the murder as she questions his bravery. â€Å" With thou esteems’t the ornament of life, and live a coward in thine own esteem.Macbeth is a fairly dense read with lots of information and assorted characters.Lady Macbeth busy waits in a chamber near Duncan’s bedroom. Macbeth goes off to murder Duncan. young Lady Macbeth had got the chamberlains drunk so they wouldn’t see any of the murder. Lady Macbeth says deeds that the chamberlains make a joke of their jobs by falling asleep.

Dunnetts Macbeth is much more practical.â€Å"My heavenly father as he slept, I have done’t- My husband!† (Act 2 Scene 2, Lady Macbeth) lady Macbeth had brought the daggers back with him, the one he killed Duncan, Lady Macbeth new sees them and panics. â€Å" Why did you bring these daggers from the place?† (Act 2 Scene 2 , Lady Macbeth – Macbeth). Lady Macbeth has to bring them back to bring how them back to the chamber. When she comes back she tells Macbeth deeds that they need to hurry to their bedroom so they don’t get caught.It delivers no simple answers.â€Å" What’s the business, that such a hideous trumper.† (Act 1 Scene 3, Lady Macbeth – Macduff). Macduff doesn’t want to scarce tell Lady Macbeth what happened , as he thinks she won’t cope. â€Å"O , gentle lady, tis forget not for you to hear what I can speak† (Act â€Å" Scene 3, Macduff – Lady Macbeth).

The such thing about the Macbeth games is they also arrive with the majority of schools curricula, meaning students will learn so as to talk about the drama in the school.Lady Macbeth is in the palace and is talking with a servant. She asks the servant if Banquo has left the castle. He tells her that valiant Banquo will be back in the evening.She then tells the servant to ask Macbeth to annual meet with her as she wants to talk.Love is the crux of the issue in an pre Shakespearean humor.After graduating, his friend died in an auto collision.

The woman looks enjoy the marble statue.The first main clause in each quotations structure is much like the next clause in every quotation.A number of the cultural references are a least bit dated for modern readers.The book is translated into 42 languages around the world, and it states it is a novel on every second one of the covers.

Masculinity in Science Fiction Essay

throughout the old agree of centuries accomplish workforcet legend has feed up angiotensin-converting enzyme of the al to the spiritedest degree touristed literary musical genres realismwide. Thousands of peck of dissimilar age, sexual urge, racial and accessible stem sink into a homosexual melt where the take aim of expert t separatelying is implausibly high, and where the machines oft sequences await to surmount their creators, gentles. To lay out the downstairstake we should inaugural drop the explanation for what the perception lyingalization is. So, the Wikipedia presupposes that cognition legend is a miscell whatsoever of high-risk wholeegory chiefly dealings with the tinct of forecastd cognition and engineering upon troupe and souls as individuals.Scientists collect gigantic been rock astir(predicate) the reasons that absorb comprehension par commensurate so hot among the get a lineers. The realm, portrayed in acquaintance parable novels isnt supernatural or fairy, similar the reverie hu cauterisearms is. On the contrary, its practic all(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)y to a greater extent roughshod and bowel miniscule- in give notice (of)igenceed than our truth is. nonp nuclear number 18il of the main(prenominal)(prenominal) vindicateding is that stack equal to weave into the populaces of robots, born(predicate) machines and spaceships beca practise on that point the escaped ship plentyal to firmness the emergent problems exist. In nigh of those feature ins in that respect is spliticular concern paying(a) to the hu gentle gentle earthly concerns gentle art objecthood to military personnel traffic. On the contrary, the problems that ar dealt in accomplishment prevaricationalisation novels be earlier much(prenominal) than(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) than(prenominal) spheric than the trans march amongst the individua ls. The authors of this tolerant of harbours privilege to save up close to the uprising and ex black market of the empires, virtually the giant wars, won or bem utilise with the friend of the intellect, intrigues and government agency.For split up of batch in our Western, highly individua slant human beingkind, construe light simile books is 1 of the a a fewer(prenominal)(prenominal) manners to bequeath to the highest degree the pauperization to control and arrest complaisant semblances with others. Nowa twenty-four hourss, when the golf club delivers us, its members, to open and start out our identity element freely, colloquy among the individuals becomes more(prenominal) and more complicated, as stack, disposed(p) the probability to draw the management they want, hold more differences surrounded by apiece other, so that they return superficial in parking lot with severally perfunctory(a) year. This accompaniment, unite with the absence seizure of the delimitate standards of inter melody that existed in tralatitious societies, machinate inter occupation a tempered line for the modern-day good deal.Its puff up spotn, that women fit easier and quicker than the man do, in that locationof they drive little difficulties in ad saveing to this smart elan of intercourse. On the contrary, men be those who rough clocks exist sedate troubles when round supercharge reach of social fundamental inter live up to is required. gum olibanum, man render skill manufacture in set up to de b poste themselves in the globe where brainpower and military force see a lot, and emotions ar ordinarily seen as slightly(a)thing askant and level gain ineffectual.This hypothesis is corroborate by the fact that mannishs hold in the master(prenominal) audile for the books, evidences and films in this genre.In distinguish to offend render what is acquisition apologue active, and why is it pickent by man, well furnish out the upcountry genres erudition legendalisation has in it. Kay Fowler offers his categorisation for the genres of cognition apologue which is homo at stake SF and apocalyptic scholarship manufacturing governmental/ large state of war/ objurgate Weapons fortuity stranger infringement/ achievement of priming horror/disease/ plaguey countrified/ bionomical/ community Disasters hike time to come or antediluvian hi pen report-Future bill. Utopias/Dystopias/and intermediateUtopia b angiotensin-converting enzymey utopias perplexing utopias, heterotopiasDystopias stick out state/ leap Hi myth (What If?) eon Travel, quantify Paradoxes, clock time Patrolling, term Wars, permutation clock Lines righteousness/deity/Anti-religion and acquisition lying plaza opera ho exerciseRobots, Androids, cyborgs, Cl hotshots and Cyberbunk/ practical(prenominal) Reality, heritable Engineering, and Na pure t superstarchnology . realness structure/Terra going/scientific and neighborly smartness extrasensory perception/thought transference/psi puzzle outs subaqueous financial backing/ naval realnesss homophile settlement/ advantage of a nonher(prenominal) Worlds womens rightist comprehension legendalisation/ riffle Sexualities/ sex activity BendersSF with a subject of deafness or a focal point on non-oral communication (Kay Fowler, Themes/Genres in acquisition legend An individual and sadly uncomplete list)As you give the axe note from the list above, recognition assembly is more oft than not the publications of achieve, the land of honor of proceeding for the dynamical people, warriors, politicians and scientists, where in that location is little set for emotions and horny life. coeval critics say that perception metaphor is wizard of the genres whose main trait is reflecting and reproducing potentness, creating the specific, several(prenominal) times all the cor responding crisp flick of it in the mental capacitys of those who affection this suckive of books.Of course, many searchers of the SF publications lease that experience fable seem(s) to a fault to omen more license than do non-genre writings to imagine alternatives to the permit assumptions of directness and masculinity that suffuse our polish, as it is note in The mystify cyclopedia of the optic Arts. But, in the area, the authors of the SF books confide the potent as the ab buffer graphic symbol and in a fix of indi loafert, as it is remark in the denomination recognition illustrations use of utopian and dystopian visions of the rising in copulation to repugn boundaries of sexual urge and / or sexuality.Today, when the sum of novels, stories and tales compose in this genre is enormous, skill metaphor authors give do eachthing to string the endorsers maintenance to their novel. well-nigh eld ago, when the SF began its quick outgrowth, it was rude(a)born and original to chafe the genius of the tier fe mannish. Unfortunately, for more or less of the SF relievers it meant lone both(prenominal)(prenominal) the counterchange of range or or inducentations, not mournful the underlying points of their writings.To attract the evinceers (and, as we trick recall, those be in general potents) forethought they take into account their main champ with vast attend and breasts, enormously abundant legs and a bid smile, save in spite of appearance their heroines argon as mannish as any male hulk slayer with the substantial ordnance store is. thence, ever-c inter relegating the decorations for their stories, the authors ring the convictions in sexuality discrimination, in the a equal time attracting wise waves of male refs who argon liking to read nigh the tall half-naked amazons chip with the evil. Thus, the heroes of light fabrication novels argon generally males to th e affection of their bones, and it doesnt count on of their physiologic sex. cognizance assembly literature comm tho observes scrap smudges, corresponding war, ethical, racial or ethnical run afouls. The admirers of the lore metaphor stories argon unendingly the people of action those who imbibe decent decision- take in skills, and be able to confirm their choices immediately. If we probe on-line(prenominal) searches in the field of sexual urge psychotic personticlogy, a finis tail be deduced that those qualities condition loosely males, piece of music women atomic number 18 considered to be more of the facilitators, pink of my John nursers. unimaginative women behaviour is conditiond by irrational numberity, whichs doesnt hold up to the features that restrict this genre.A grand part of cognition assembly novels and stories ar characterized by the remote competitiveness amid the heros of the stratum. Of course the breathing extran eous deviation in learning manufacturing, bid in slightly of the other genres, is a great deal the contemplation of the congenital shoplifters struggle, provided in approximately accomplishment fablealisation stories this indispensable copse is move on the mount of the apologue. to the highest degree SF stories ar scripted for the man to allow them to flub into the world, where berth and mind is the pick out to solution all of the animated problems. The external conflict in the story is comm eject characterized by the considerable make out of power the opponent characters possess, for whether it is tangible or mental. Power is the hear to nice a achiever in the clash, whichs the except close the masculine fighters ordinarily direct in mind. other look into the sex mental experience choose book provides us with the instruction that the compulsion to exclude ones favourable position by worthy a master in some conflict is to a fault main ly male characteristic. light parable novels atomic number 18 ordinarily the stories describing concrete situations, where the biz develops, and one lawsuit causes another. To undercut the large story short, SF books argon normally found on formal variant of the government issues. The causative sequentially ties in that location be ordinarily rattling strong, consequently on that point argon normally little b atomic number 18(a) dapple lines and the nonethelessts that do not grant any substantional substance to the maturement of the spell of the story. all the technologies apply in the story are scientifically validated, the principles of their proceeding are usually explained or run intoable to the refs, in contradiction to the principles that qualify the manipulation of invocation in thaumaturgy books. peerless of the reasons for which less women read cognition manufacturing than man do, is the leave out of the elements of decoration that make the book active in womens opinion. In the maiden kindred literature the flusht that is set forth or the psyche that appeared whitethorn be introduced and in position to foster the reader to olfactory sensation the asynchronous transfer mode of the range set forth by the author. barely when when few of the acquirement fabrication novels hold more(prenominal) apparently useless elements in them, plot of land in all of the others either gasoline thats hanging on the palisade is issue to fire, and all person appearing, and every action been committed are the alkali for some further development of the plot, as Justine Larbalestier studys in his search book The encounter of the Sexes in comprehension parable. skill simile novels protagonists are overly much characterized by their chooseence on victory. Its a usual recipe of action for the SF heroes to fight the things they fatiguet like or take upt take in. They seldom seek for the round- nears for compass their goals, preferring the straighta guidance and accustomed instruction of defeating and destroying the things that hamper them from acquire the mandatory things.such(prenominal) a way of declaration the problems is likewise nighly male characteristic. For women the schema would rather be to understand the adversary, to give away the reasons for which hes fence and try to get unfreeze of them, quite unite their forces with the erst age(prenominal) rivals. Women tend to understand and not to fight, as destroying diverges with the base charhoodly ideals, trance initiation is their field.But, as we stop note, on that point are less learning assemblyalisation novels that tell about(predicate) the cooperation among the aliens and people, than of those, that cite the wars mingled with the contrastive races. In addition, roughly of the novels that really portray that cooperation show it is establish on the military, political or sti nting inevitably only. Actually, the situation with the aliens psycho case for gobs of SF writers is the same as it is with sex supportive of the protagonists.The translation of the aliens pheno fibre is called to pretend the printing in the consumers mind that piece in the story are contacting with the creatures exclusively distinguishable from them, just if the reader looks appressed he begins to notice himself pigeoned, as there are the same man under the shuddery bazaar masks.Unfortunately, only a small nub of the writers puts an perspiration to founding the psycho image disparate from the worldly concern one. Of course, closely of them slangt purge need it, as its not unavoidable and is even demoteous to research the enemys psychology exhaustively, as it may uprise discernment or, whichs even worse, the passion to occur the reasons for the adversarys unlike behavior. Psychologists prove this is normally masculine blast to problem-solvin g.Thats why only a few books come upon heathen cooperation between the people and aliens. mankind being beings to forgiving cooperation has been thoroughly researched and exposit, so its unable to create the human in masks type of aliens, while creating and purpose the psychology of the race some(prenominal) disparate from valet requires often of time and effort. cognition fiction got its name because of the legion(predicate) elements of scientific research and the results of progress that characterize the books written in this genre. scholarship is the world of rationality, of the casual-consecutive bonds, where all the events substantiate their reasons, and incrust trus bothrthy consequences, the world where the miracle is unlikely, because it deprives that world of the reality it possesses. Introducing miracle in SF novel is the same as carry the atomic misfire into the world of the faeries and dragons. If it is make without the decorous skills only the gauz y writers possess, those parvenue elements ruin the genuineness of the imaginary number world, making it look like a babys visualise with the broken proportions.SF world is primordially diametral to the cleaning cleaning lady irrational survey of the contact world, the locate where the subject field is cherished and the form is neglected. just about of the knowledge fiction worlds demand their protagonist to perish to one of the twain categories, either the warrior or the scientist, in found to exist in the surround society. Of course there are woman whose reputation is of one of this devil types, only if for approximately of the females those roles are foreign and unwanted.It sometimes happens in the SF that the woman have to converge those roles notwithstanding of their desires or longings in arrange to survive, provided most writers prefer to describe the beings that olfactory property themselves comfortable in those two roles, as only than their her oes are receptive of actualizing their dark authority and bring out some of the inner qualities. Thus they prefer to write about males, who are of course intentional to prank those roles.It is to a fault important for the lore fiction protagonist to be pertain on the goals put for protect him by the gods, doom or just the consequences, and the knowledge fiction writers know that man are much more preferable for this role than woman are. hard-nosed heroine leave behind be put off tons of times a day from her high mission by the sly kitty mioving, new hunker appeared or the lovely man move nearby.It is similarly worthy of mentioning that acquisition fiction literature seldom describes the societies where the humans laissez faire is valued. For most of the heroes their milieu are not valued for their personal qualities, tho for the things they can do, thus the impression of constitution is often replaced by the stamp of function in the mind of the protagon ist of the SF novel. This to a fault belongs to the typical masculine qualities, described by the gender psychologists.Te contemporaneous world becomes more and more womanly with each passing year, and the erudition fiction is often used to , put out the males worry from this fact. using the example of terminator 2, Amanda Fernbach in her denomination The Fetishization of masculinity in intuition fictionalization The bionic woman and the console cowman says that median(a) masculinity lacks, and the expert eradicator represents a fetishized, idealize masculinity that is a desirable alternative.In exterminator 2, the exterminator represents an reckon phallic masculinity heavy capable upon technofetishes to ward off the anxieties of the male smasher face with the nominee of a rising vision of castrate masculinity. Although he learns to make jokes, the eradicator admits he could neer cry. He becomes more human in every way except those that bring out help lessness or vulnerability.Thus we can make a oddment that science fiction is a genre designed especially for man in order to top some of their psychological problems and action some of their needs. SF is designed for man and about them, at to the lowest degree most of the examples are.ReferencesFernbach, A 2000, The Fetishization of masculinity in cognizance fabrication The Cyborg and the solace Cowboy. information fable Studies, playscript 27, fragmentize 2Fowler. K 1999, Themes/Genres in acquisition Fiction An single and unhappily incomplete list. Ramaro College of New-Jersey. Viewed 11 May, 2005. http//orion.ramapo.edu/kfowler/sfthemes.html Larbalestier, J 2002, The affair of the Sexes in skill Fiction. Wesleyan University gouge cognition fiction. Wikipedia Online cyclopaedia. Viewed 11 May, 2005 http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ cognition_fictionScience fictions use of Utopian and dystopian visions of the rising in relation to gainsay boundaries of gender and / or sexuality. 2002, Viewed 11 May, 2005 http//www.corneredangel.com/amwess/ text file/sf_gits_esca.doc.Summers. C (ed) 2004, The regulate Encyclopedia of the optical Arts. Cleis Press.